Quantum computing is racing to become the defining technology of this century. Several modes are in competition to be the first: superconducting circuits, trapped ions, neutral atoms, photonics, and spin qubits. Each has strengths and challenges, but one stands out.At Isentroniq, our conviction is that superconducting technology will prevail. It already benefits from the most advanced and industrialized ecosystem with major leaders in the field such as Google, Amazon and IBM. More importantly, it is the only platform that has credibly shown that quantum error correction can work in practice, which is the foundation for fault-tolerant quantum computing.Now, the main drawback in superconducting quantum computers is the struggle to scale beyond 1,000 qubits. The issue isn’t that we do not know how to build more qubits, but simply, we are at the physical limits of today’s cryogenic infrastructure.At Isentroniq, we will remove that bottleneck and make superconducting qubits the winning platform.

Why Superconducting Qubits Are Ahead: The QEC Breakthrough

The central challenge in quantum computing is error correction. Physical qubits are fragile and quickly lose information. To create reliable logical qubits, information must be spread across many physical qubits so that errors can be detected and corrected before they accumulate.

The crucial test is whether building larger codes improves performance. In practice, this is measured by “distance,” which refers to the size of the grid of physical qubits used to encode one logical qubit. For the most common code – the surface code - a distance-3 code uses a 3 × 3 grid, a distance-5 code uses a 5 × 5 grid, and so on. The bigger the grid used, the more errors that can be corrected, the more useful the quantum computer is.

Quantum Error Correction (QEC) was first theorized over 25 years ago but remained speculative for decades. Only in 2021–2022 did a breakthrough finally come: researchers at Andreas Wallraff’s Quantum Device Lab (ETH Zurich), Google, and China’s Zuchongzhi project each showed that superconducting qubits could fight back against their own errors at the threshold: the tipping point where performing QEC corrects at least as many errors as it introduces, laying the groundwork for future scalable quantum systems.

Then, in 2024, Google’s team, leveraging the Willow processor, published in Nature the landmark 3-5-7 experiment showing that a distance-7 logical qubit exceeded the lifetime of the best physical qubit by ~2.4×, and that logical error rates dropped with increasing distance. This was the first time anyone had shown that error correction becomes stronger as you scale.

Through these successes, superconducting systems is now the only platform to prove QEC works at scale in practice.

With a viable path to QEC, the remaining challenge is “How do we scale it?”. The focus is now on ambitious scale-up roadmaps. For example, IQM’s 2024 public roadmap outlines a path toward fault-tolerant quantum computing by 2030 and scaling up to one million qubits through combined error suppression and error correction.

The cryogenic bottleneck

Superconducting qubits can only function at extremely low temperatures, close to 10 millikelvin. That is -273.14 °C, colder than outer space. To reach such temperatures, researchers use commercially available dilution refrigerators. These are massive, costly systems that require special infrastructure and consume around 50 kW of power just to maintain a few hundred qubits at operating temperature.

At these temperatures, the available cooling power is only a few tens of microwatts. Every control line that enters the fridge carries not only signals but also heat from the outside world. With thousands of lines, the system rapidly reaches its thermal and spatial limits, making it practically impossible to scale beyond ~1,000 qubits today. At this stage, a commercially useful quantum computer remains essentially an abstraction.

In theory, one could scale today’s superconducting technology up to 1 million qubits. However, doing so would require facilities the size of ten football fields costing several tens of billions of euros, and a dedicated nuclear power station to power it, making it neither technically nor financially viable. The true bottleneck is not the qubits themselves, but the wiring and the cryogenics that sustain them.

Our solution

Isentroniq enables quantum computing to bridge from Proof of Concept to real use cases at a fraction of the space and power usage

At Isentroniq, we have developed a technological solution that directly addresses this challenge. Without going into specifics, our approach tackles the three key barriers to scaling: the heat load, the wiring cost, and the limited space inside the cryostat.

By integrating orders of magnitude more qubits in the same dilution refrigerators used today, we aim to democratize access to quantum computing. This is not a minor incremental improvement, it is a ‘giant leap’ in how wiring is conceived for quantum computers. With our breakthrough, we believe that it is possible to fit up to 1M qubits in a single cryostat. This is a 1,000x improvement over current solutions.

Looking further ahead, we are convinced that our solution can bring the cost of a 1M-qubit system down to around 50M€, making quantum computing comparable in cost to high-performance computing (HPC). This will truly democratize access for major industry players, accelerating research, innovation, and deployment while enabling quantum computers to be seamlessly integrated into datacenters!

Why one million qubits matter

The impact of scaling is transformative. With around 100,000 qubits, quantum computers would already unlock massive advances in fundamental science, enabling simulations of simple molecules, materials, and physical systems that are far beyond the reach of classical compute.

Reaching 1M qubits would mark a radical change. At this scale, thousands of logical qubits could be encoded with full error correction, opening the door to practical quantum machines capable of running complex meaningful algorithms. This would allow breakthroughs in complex drug discovery, the design of new materials for energy and industry, and the optimization of complex systems such as global supply chains, transport networks, and energy grids.

Only at this scale does quantum computing move from experimental prototypes to a technology that can reshape humanity, industry, and scientific research alike.

Our strategy: Building fast, building trust - through partnerships

For the quantum compute builders, reliability is mandatory. A single weak link can compromise months of progress. However, reliability alone is not enough, scaling speed matters as much. Teams that try to develop every piece of infrastructure themselves move at a fraction of the pace, reinventing what already exists, and missing out on the maturity and expertise of world-class manufacturers. The slow pace of a leading quantum team does not just delay one company; it risks holding back the entire industry.

This is why our strategy is built on partnerships. We work with the best manufacturers in each class of component, combining their specialized know-how into one coherent system. Every element is rigorously tested under realistic conditions, so our clients never lose time re-qualifying our work themselves. The result is technology that is not only reliable but delivered faster - an accelerator for the whole ecosystem.

Reliability has two critical dimensions. First, wiring must faithfully transmit signals from room temperature to the qubits without distortion or loss. Second, it must avoid degrading qubit performance by introducing heat or noise. Solving both these challenges requires quantum expertise.

This is why Isentroniq hires the world’s best talent in Quantum, RF, and Mechanical engineering ; specialists who understand, from experience, how wiring impacts qubit performance. We measure, model, and validate every system at the quantum level, ensuring that customers can design and operate with complete confidence.

The principle is simple. Customers should not have to worry whether their wiring will work or whether it will impact their qubits. They should be able to move quickly, building quantum computers on a foundation that is both solid and trusted.

Making quantum computing happen by 2030

Quantum computing is no longer a distant dream. The physics is proven, and the breakthroughs in error correction have already been achieved. What stands in the way today is not the qubits themselves, but the infrastructure needed to support them.

At Isentroniq, we focus on that foundation. By solving the wiring challenge and removing the barriers of heat, cost, and space, we provide the essential tools that allow superconducting quantum computers to scale from thousands to millions of qubits and be installed in datacenters.

Our mission is to enable the field to scale now, unlocking a new era where quantum computers move from promising prototypes into datacenters for all.